Wednesday, March 28, 2012

KATA SAMBUNG PADA NOUN CLAUSE

Noun Clause adalah anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda. Letaknya sesudah Induk Kalimat. Cirinya dimulai dengan kata-kata sambung : If / whether = apakah, that = bahwa, dan seluruh kata tanya, seperti : what, where, when, why, who, whom, whose, which, how, how many, how much, dsb.

Polanya adalah :

               S  +  V  +  (O)  +  Kata sambung + S + V + O + K
Contoh :

            He asked me where she lived
            He told me that she lived in Jl. Sudirman
            He asked me if she lived in Jl. Sudirman
            I can't remember what you told me
            He said that he wanted to visit the library
            I am not sure whether he will come here or not
            I don't understand why he hates me so much
            I want to know what her name is
            I want to ask her where her house is
            No one knows how old she is

Hal yang harus diperhatikan adalah bentuk kata kerja pada anak kalimatnya. Bila kata kerja pada Induk Kalimatnya berbentuk Past (V2), maka bentuk kata kerja pada anak kalimatnyapun harus dalam bentuk Past, seperti : Simple Past Tense, Past Continuous Tense, Past Perfect Tense, dan Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
Contoh :

           He said that he went home late
           He told me that he was doing the homework alone
           He wanted to know if I had done the homework
           He wanted to know what I had been doing in the room

Noun Clause seperti juga di atas terdapat di dalam kalimat tidak langsung. Untuk mengetahui penjelasan yang  lebih rinci, silahkan pelajari kembali contoh-contoh kalimat tentang materi yang berjudul Indirect Speech untuk kalimat pernyataan dan kalimat pertanyaan.

Bila kata kerja pada Induk Kalimatnya berbentuk Present (V1), maka bentuk kata kerja pada anak kalimatnya tidak harus berbentuk Present, tetapi disesuikan dengan waktunya.
Contoh :

           He says that he wants to stay at home in the evening
           He will ask you whether you came here last night
           He wants to know what you were doing last night
           He wants to know if you have done the homework

Ingat bahwa where, when, why, how, what, which, whose, how, dst, dapat berfungsi sebagai kata tanya dan sebagai kata sambung. Bila digunakan sebagai kata tanya harus diikuti kata kerja bantu, seperti : are, am, is, was, were, do, does, did, can, may,  must, shall, will, dsb.
Contoh :

           Where is your house?
           Where does he live?
           Where can I find a Chinese restaurant here?
           Where were you last night?
           Where did you go last night?
          
Tetapi bila digunakan sebagai kata sambung, tidak boleh diikuti kata kerja bantu, tetapi harus diikuti S + V+ O + K. Bandingkan kalimat-kalimat dalam dialogue berikut ini :
Contoh :

           A : Where is his house?
           B : I don't know where his house is ( bukan : I don't know where is his
                house)
           A : Where does he live
           B : I don't know where he lives.
                Let's ask somebody where he lives
           A : Where can I find a Chinese restaurant here?
           B : I don't know where you can find Chinese restausrat here
           A : Where were you last night?
           B : Why do you want to know where I was last night?
           A : Where did you go last night?
           B : I am sorry I can't tell you where I went last night





           

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