KETENTUAN MENGGUNAKAN KATA KERJA

Untuk jenis kalimat yang tidak menggunakan kata kerja (Nominal), atau kata kerjanya menerangkan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung (Continuous), maka kalimatnya harus menggunakan to be . Tetapi bila kita mau menggunakan kata kerja dan kata kerjanya tidak menerangkan kejadian yang “sedang belangsung" maka kalimatnya tidak boleh menggunakan “to be”. Tetapi harus diingat bahwa kata kerjanya untuk subject “he, she, it” harus + ES. Perhatikan bentuk-bentuk kata kerja berikut ini!

Contoh :

                       They, We, I, You                            He, She, it

  

                      (V1) kata kerja dasar                      (V1+S/ES)

                        want                                       wants            = ingin

                        like                                          likes              = suka

                        need                                       needs            = perlu

                        have                                       has                = punya

                              see                                          sees               = melihat

Contoh :

                             They want apples              He wants apples

                             We like apples                  She likes apples

                             You have a book                He has a book

                             I have a pen                       My brother has a pen              

                             We need new books         Your sister needs new books

                             We see you again              My father sees me here

    Cara mengubah menjadi Bertanya dan Negative dan Jawabannya

1. Bila kalimat positivenya ada TOBE : is, am, are maka di dalam kalimat bertanya To Be nya pindah kedepan kalimat dan di dalam kalimat negative, to benya ditambah NOT.

                                                                                Tanya – Jawab

Contoh :   1.  That is my book.                           A : Is this your book?

                      Is that my book ?                          B : Yes, this is my book /

                      That is not my book.                           No, this is not my book

                 2.  Your house is big.                        

                      Is your house big ?                        A : Are you reading a
                                                                                  magazine?

                     Your house is not big.                    B : Yes, I am reading a
                                                                                          magazine /

                 3.  Rini is cooking rice now                      No, I am not reading a
                                                                                         magazine

                      Is Rini cooking rice now ?

                      Rini is not cooking rice now           A : Is Rini cooking rice?

                 4.  His father is reading a book            B : Yes, she is cooking rice /

                      Is his father reading a book ?                No, she is not cooking

                      His father is not reading a book.                  rice

2. Bila kalimat positivenya tidak ada To Be : is, am, are, maka di dalam kalimat bertanya dan negative harus di bantu dengan DO atau Does  diikuti V1 (kata dasar).

              “DO”          untuk    they, we, I, you.

              “DOES”      untuk    he, she, it.                    

1. Di dalam kalimat bertanya, DO/DOES nya di tempatkan di depan kalimat dan berarti “Apakah ….?”
2. Di dalam kalimat negative, DO/DOES di tambah “NOT” dan berarti “Tidak”

Contoh :

            1.  They like apples

                 Do they like apples ?

                 They do not like apples

2.      He wants a book

            Does he want a book?

            He does not want a book

3.      Her mother needs a knife

            Does her mother need a knife?

            Her mother does not need a knife

 Cara menjawab pertanyaan yang dimulai dengan Do atau Does

Perhatikan contoh-contoh berikut ini :

                                                                               Jawaban singkat :

A : Do they like coffee?

B : Yes, they like coffee                                             Yes, they do

      No, they do not like coffee                                  No, they don’t

A : Does he like tea?

B : Yes, he likes tea                                                    Yes, he does

      No, he does not like coffee                                  No, he doesn’t

A : Do you want a book?

B : Yes, I want a book                                                 Yes, I do

     No, I do not want a book                                       No, I don’t

A : Does the boy like milk?

B : Yes, he likes milk                                                   Yes, he does

      No, he does not like milk                                      No, he doesn’t