(Mengungkapkan
Kepemilikan)
Untuk
mengungkapkan kepemilikan suatu benda, di dalam bahasa Indonesia dapat
menggunakan kata “punya” dengan struktur yang berbeda-beda.
Contoh :
Ini rumah saya / Ini rumah
punya saya
Rumah ini punya saya
Saya punya rumah
Rumah ini kepunyaan saya
Di dalam bahasa
Inggrispun terdapat beberapa cara dalam mengungkapkan kepemilikan tersebut,
diantaranya :
A. menggunakan kata ganti kepunyaan, yaitu Possessive
Adjectives dan Possessive Pronouns.
Possessive Adjectives : my, your, his, her, its, our, their
Possessive Pronouns : mine,
yours, his, her, its, ours, theirs
Conoth :
Possessive
Adjectives Possessive
Pronouns
This
is my house This house is mine
(Ini rumah (punya) saya (Rumah ini punya saya)
That
is her house That house is hers
(Itu
rumah (punya) dia (Rumah
itu punya dia)
This
is Rudi’s house That house is Rudi’s
(Itu rumah (punya) Rudi (Rumah itu punya Rudi)
A : Is this your house? A : Is this house yours?
B :No, this is not my house B : No, this house is not mine
A : Whose house is this? A : Whose is this house?
B : This is Rudi’s house B : This house is Rudi’s
B.
menggunakan kata kerja ‘have, has, had” yang berarti
“punya”
Perbedaannya adalah :
1. Di dalam kalimat positive untuk waktu sekarang
(Present), perbedaan have dan has adalah :
“have”
untuk They, We, I, You
“has” untuk He, She, It
2. Untuk waktu lampau (Past), had digunakan untuk semua
Subject.
Subject.
3. Di dalam kalimat bertanya (Interrogative), untuk waktu
sekarang (Present) harus menggunkan kata kerja bantu DO/DOES yang ditempatkan
di awal kalimat dan berarti “Apakah …..?” dan kata kerja setelah DOES digunakan
adalah “have” bukan “has”. DO untuk They, We, I, You dan DOES untuk He, She,
It. Di dalam kalimat menyangkal (Negative), DO/DOES nya ditambah NOT.
4. Di dalam kalimat bertanya (Interrogative) untuk waktu
lampau (Past) harus menggunakan kata kerja bantu DID diikuti “have” bukan “had”
dan di dalam kalimat menyangkal (Negative), DID nya ditambah NOT.
Contoh
:
You have a house He has a house He had a house
Do you have a house? Does he have a house? Did he have a
house?
house?
You do not have a house He does not have a house He did not have a
house
house
A : Do you have a new house in Jakarta?
B : Yes, I have a new house in Jakarta
A : Do you have a new house in Bogor?
B : No, I do not have a new house in Bogor
A : Who has a new house in Bogor?
B : My brother does.
C. menggunakan
kata kerja “own” yang berarti “punya”
Bentuk lampaunya adalah “owned”. Ketentuan di dalam kalimat Positive,
Interrogative dan Negativenya sama dengan kata kerja “have”.
Contoh :
You own a house He owns a
house He owned a
house
house
Do you own a house? Does he own a house? Did he own a
house?
house?
You do not own a house He does not own a house He did not own a
house
house
A : Do you own a new house in Jakarta?
B : Yes, I own a new house in Jakarta
A : Do you own a new house in Bogor?
B : No, I do not own a new house in Bogor
A : Who owns a new house in Bogor?
B : My brother does.
D.
menggunakan kata kerja “belong to” yang berarti
“punya / milik”
Ketentuannya adalah :
1.
Di dalam kalimat positive untuk waktu Present :
They,
We, I, You gunakan “belong to”
He,
She, It gunakan “belongs to”
2. Didalam kalimat positive untuk waktu Past gunakan
“belonged to”untuk semua subject.
3. Pemiliknya disebutkan di akhir kalimat setelah kata
depan “to” dalam bentuk Object Pronouns, yaitu : me, you, him, her, it, them,
us
Ketentuan perubahan di dalam kalimat Interrogative dan Negative-
nya sama dengan ketentuan kata kerja “have,
has, dan had”
Contoh :
This new house belongs to him
Does this new house belong to him?
This new house does not belong to him
That house belonged to her
Did that house belong to her?
That house did not belong to her
A
: Does this house belong to you?
B
: Yes, this house belongs to me
A
: Does this new car belong to you?
B
: No, this new car does not belong to me?
A
: Whom does this new car belong to?
B
: This new car belongs to my father
E. Selain menggunakan kata-kata kerja diatas,kita juga
dapat menggu-
nakan kata benda “the owner of” yang berarti “pemilik”
nakan kata benda “the owner of” yang berarti “pemilik”
Contoh :
He is the owner of the house ( = Dia adalah pemilik rumah itu )
Is he the owner of the house ( = Apakah dia pemilik rumah itu? )
He is not the owner of the house ( = Dia bukan pemilik rumah itu )
Who is the owner of the house? ( = Siapa pemilik rumah itu? )
Jadi untuk
menyatakan kepemilikan kita dapat mengungkapkannya dalam berbagai cara.
Perhatikan kalimat-kalimat berikut ini :
He has a new house She
has a new house
He owns a new house She
owns a new house
He is the owner of the house She
is the owner of the house
The new house belongs to him The new house belongs
to her
The new house is his The
new house is hers
This is his new house This
is her new house
A : Does this house belong to Mira?
B : Yes, this house belongs to her
Yes, this is her house
Yes, this house is hers
Yes, she has the house
Yes, she owns the house
Yes, she is the owner of the house
A : Does that car belong to John?
B : No, that car does not belong to him
No, that is not his car
No, that car is not his
No, she does not have a car
No, he does not own a car
No, she is not the owner of the
house
Latihan
A. This is my
house This house is mine
Those are my cars Those cars belong to me
B. I have / own
a house This is my house
This
house is mine
This
house belongs to me
C. I don’t have
a house This is not my house
This
house is not mine
This
house does not belong to me
D. Does this
house belong to John?
Yes,
this house belongs to him
Yes,
this is his house
Yes,
this house is his
Yes,
he owns the house
E. Is this house John’s? No, this house is not his
No,
this is not his house
No,
this house does not belong to him
No,
he does not have / own the house
F. Does this
house belong to John?
No,
this house does not belong to him
No,
this is not his house
No,
this house is not his
No,
he does not own the house