JENIS-JENIS ADVERB

Jenis-jenis Adverb ada 5, yaitu :

                                    1. Adverb of Manner

                                    2. Adverb of Degree

                                    3. Adverb of Frequency

                                    4. Adverb of Place

                                    5. Adverb of Time

1. Adverb of Manner

Adverb of Manner dibentuk dari Adjective +ly, seperti :

            Adjective                Adverb              Adjective        Adverb

               rude                      rudely                  true                   truly

               happy                    happily                gay                   gaily

               beautiful                beautifully            terrible             terribly

Perubahan yang tidak beraturan :

            Adjective                Adverb              Adjective        Adverb

              fast                          fast                    near                near

              hard                         hard                   early               early

              late                          late                     long                long

              good                        well                    little                 little

              much                      much                  high                high

Adverb of Manner berfungsi menerangkan cara seseorang melakukan suatu kegiatan. Jadi Adverb of Manner menerangkan kata kerja.

Contoh :

                        John is rude. He speaks rudely to everybody

  “rude” adalah Adjective, menerangkan sifat John

  “rudely” adalah Adverb, menerangkan cara John  

   berbicara, yaitu “dengan sombong”

2. Adverb of Degree

Untuk menyatakan derajat atau tingkat kualitas atau keadaan suatu benda, Adjective dapat diawali dengan kata-kata :

very   = sangat              enough = cukup            fairly   = agak, wajar

rather = agak                 pretty   = agak              hardly = hampir tidak

too     = terlalu               quite    = sangat            even   = bahkan

soon  = segera              only     = hanya             still     = masih

Contoh :

                        Rudi is very clever

                        Bob is rather lazy

                        The boy is too weak to get up

                        The man is strong enough to move the sofa

                        It is quite hot today

                        A : How are you?  B : Pretty good, thanks

3. Adverb of Frequency

Adverb of Frequency adalah keterangan yang menjelaskan berapa kali suatu kegiatan itu dilakukan. Kata keterangan yang termasuk Adverb of Frequency adalah :

always            = selalu                    usually              = biasanya

never              = tidak pernah          generally           = pada umumnya

ever                = pernah                  sometimes        = kadang-kadang

often               = sering                   occasionally      = sekali-sekali

frequently       = sering                    once                 = sekali

seldom           = jarang                    twice                = dia kali

rarely              = jarang                    three times       = tiga kali

Letaknya : sesudah to be, sesudah modals, dan sebelum kata kerja. Contoh :

                        He is always late for school

                        I have never been to Bali before

                        He will never be happy to live with her

                        He always goes to school by bus every day

4. Adverb of Place

Adverb of place adalah keterangan yang menunjukkan tempat. Biasanya keterangan ini diawali dengan kata depan, seperti : in, on, at, to, dsb.

Contoh :

                 I put the book on the table

                 My faher lives in Bandung

5. Adverb of Time

Adverb of time adalah keterangan yang menunjukkan waktu.

Contoh :

My father goes to work at 7 o’clock

                        I do not go to work on Sunday

                        He is always at home in the evening

                        She came very late yesterday

Letak Adverbs

Apabila di dalam kalimat terdapat lebih dari satu Adverbs, maka letaknya tidak boleh sembarangan tetapi harus di susun mulai dari Adverb of Manner, Place, Time.

Contoh :

She sang a song very beautifully at the party last night.

Apabila di dalam kalimatnya terdapat kata kerja yang menunjukkan arah seperti : go, come, fly, jump, run, fall, enter, return, throw, dsb. maka susunan dimulai dari Adverb of Place, Manner, Time.

Contoh :

The thief enter the room very quietly last night

Apabila di dalam satu kalimat terdapat keterangan waktu lebih dari satu, seperti : in 1957, at 5 o’clock, in May, on Friday, maka keterangan itu harus disusun mulai dari bilangan yang terkecil.

Contoh :

                        I was born at 5 o’clock on Friday in May in 1957.

                        He came here very early in the morning yesterday

                        He died at 9 o’clock in the evening last week

Task-1

Sisipkan adverb dalam kurung berikut ini

1        My father is at home in the evening ( always)

2        Have you met that man before? (ever)

3        He is working slowly today (rather)

4        These exersises are difficult for the students (too)

5        I forgot to post the letter yesterday (nearly)

6        She has breakfast in the morning (seldom)

7        The man is not strong to lift the box (enough)

8        This lesson has been understood by the students (well)

9        We have been happy since we got married (never)

10    Rudi does the homework in the evening (usually)

Task-2

Susunlah adverbs dalam kurung berikut ini

1        Yanti sang a song ( at the party - beautifully - last night)

2        The servant went ( queitly - this evening - very - into  the  room)

3        Neni was born ( in July - at 5 o'clock - on Sunday  -in  the year 1964)

4        I was waiting for you ( at 7 o'clock - last night -  at  the bus-stop )

5        He has been sitting ( very - on that chair - quietly  -  for ten minutes )

6        She spoke to him ( quietly - last night - in the hall - very - after dinner )

7        They must leave for (next week -on Thursday -  London - early - very - in the morning )

8        We did not go ( at 7 o'clock - anywhere - yesterday )

9        I  said goodbye to them ( regretfully - yesterday -  at  the  station )

10    They returned ( quickly - with their friends - at 11 oclock - to their hotel - very - last night )